|
|
Special Precautions |
Certificate Required? |
|
Yellow Fever |
No |
1 |
|
Cholera |
2 |
No |
|
Typhoid and Polio |
3 |
N/A |
|
Malaria |
4 |
N/A |
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Yellow fever vaccination certificate is required of all travellers
coming from any part of a country in which yellow fever is endemic.
Infants under six months of age are exempt if the mother’s vaccination
certificate shows her to have been vaccinated prior to the child’s
birth. Countries and areas within the endemic zone are regarded as
infected.
-
Following WHO
guidelines issued in 1973, a cholera vaccination certificate is no
longer a condition of entry to Pakistan. However, cholera is a serious
risk in this country and precautions are essential. Up-to-date advice
should be sought before deciding whether these precautions should
include vaccination, as medical opinion is divided over its
effectiveness. See the Health appendix.
-
Vaccination
against typhoid is advised.
-
Malaria risk
exists throughout the year in all areas below 2000m (6560ft). The
malignant falciparum strain is present and has been reported as
chloroquine-resistant.
FOOD AND DRINK :
All water should be regarded as being potentially contaminated. Water
used for drinking, brushing teeth or making ice should have first been
boiled or otherwise sterilised. Milk is unpasteurised and should be
boiled. Powdered or tinned milk is available and is advised, but make
sure that it is reconstituted with pure water. Avoid dairy products
that are likely to have been made from unboiled milk. Only eat well
cooked meat and fish, preferably served hot. Salad and mayonnaise may
carry increased risk. Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled.
OTHER RISKS : Hepatitis A and E occur and hepatitis B is endemic. Trachoma and typhoid fever are common. Between
June and January, Japanese encephalitis is a risk in rural
areas. Dengue fever may also occur. Rabies is present. For those at high risk, vaccination before
arrival should be considered. If you are bitten, seek medical advice
without delay. For more information, consult the Health
appendix.
HEALTH CARE :
Medical facilities can be very limited. There is no reciprocal health
agreement with the UK. Travellers are strongly advised to take out
full medical insurance before departure.
NOTE : A
certificate proving the visitor to be HIV-negative is required if
planning on staying over one year in the country.
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